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1.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 38(3): e38314, sept. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BNUY, REPincaP | ID: biblio-1409860

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Presentamos un caso de una paciente femenina de 27 años, con síndrome de Cushing ACTH dependiente con hipercortisolismo severo, causado por un macroadenoma hipofisario recurrente y resistente pese a dos cirugías transesfenoidales, radioterapia y terapia médica. Dada la falla en las diferentes terapias se realiza una adrenalectomía bilateral como tratamiento definitivo. La paciente fallece en el posoperatorio por causa no clara. Si bien la adrenalectomía bilateral ha sido reportada como un tratamiento efectivo en pacientes con enfermedad de Cushing, se ha relacionado con una mortalidad significativa vinculada con la severidad del hipercortisolismo y las comorbilidades presentes. En este caso la adrenalectomía izquierda se tuvo que convertir a cielo abierto, asociada con mayor morbimortalidad.


Abstract: The study presents the case of a 27-year-old female patient with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) dependent Cushing's disease and severe hypercortisolism caused by recurrent pituitary macroadenoma that was resistant to treatment despite two transsphenoidal surgeries, radiotherapy and medical treatment. Upon failure of the different therapies a bilateral adrenalectomy was performed as the final treatment. The patient died in after surgery although the case of death was not clear. Despite bilateral adrenalectomy having been reports as an effective treatment in patients with Cushing's disease, it has been related to significant mortality rates in connection with the severity of hypercortisolism and existing comorbilities. In this case the left adrenalectomy ended up being an open surgery, which is associated to a higher mortality rate.


Resumo: Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 27 anos com síndrome de Cushing ACTH-dependente com hipercortisolismo grave causado por macroadenoma hipofisário, recorrente e resistente, apesar de haver sido submetida a duas cirurgias transesfenoidal, radioterapia e terapia medicamentosa. Diante do fracasso das diferentes terapias, foi realizada adrenalectomia bilateral como tratamento definitivo. A paciente faleceu no pós-operatório por causa não esclarecida. Embora a adrenalectomia bilateral tenha sido relatada como tratamento eficaz em pacientes com doença de Cushing, ela tem sido associada a mortalidade significativa relacionada à gravidade do hipercortisolismo e às comorbidades presentes. Neste caso, a adrenalectomia esquerda teve que ser convertida para cirurgia aberta, associada a maior morbimortalidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Adenoma/complications , Cushing Syndrome/complications , Cushing Syndrome/therapy , ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma/complications , Recurrence , Catastrophic Illness , Fatal Outcome , Adrenalectomy , Cushing Syndrome/surgery
2.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 60(3): 267-286, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-785230

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Although it is a rare condition, the accurate diagnosis and treatment of Cushing’s disease is important due to its higher morbidity and mortality compared to the general population, which is attributed to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and infections. Screening for hypercortisolism is recommended for patients who present multiple and progressive clinical signs and symptoms, especially those who are considered to be more specific to Cushing’s syndrome, abnormal findings relative to age (e.g., spinal osteoporosis and high blood pressure in young patients), weight gain associated with reduced growth rate in the pediatric population and for those with adrenal incidentalomas. Routine screening is not recommended for other groups of patients, such as those with obesity or diabetes mellitus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary, the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test and the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test are the main tests for the differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome. Bilateral and simultaneous petrosal sinus sampling is the gold standard method and is performed when the triad of initial tests is inconclusive, doubtful or conflicting. The aim of this article is to provide information on the early detection and establishment of a proper diagnosis of Cushing’s disease, recommending follow-up of these patients at experienced referral centers. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(3):267-86.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adenoma/diagnosis , Cushing Syndrome/diagnosis , Consensus , ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma/diagnosis , Brazil , Dexamethasone , Hydrocortisone/blood , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Adenoma/complications , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cushing Syndrome/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma/complications , Glucocorticoids
4.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(6): 486-489, ago. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-685412

ABSTRACT

Cushing's disease (CD) is usually caused by secretion of ACTH by a pituitary corticotroph microadenoma. Nevertheless, 7%-20% of patients present with ACTH-secreting macroadenomas. Our aim is to report a 36-year-old female patient with CD due to solid-cystic ACTH-macroadenoma followed up during 34 months. The patient presented spontaneous remission due to presumed asymptomatic tumor apoplexy. She showed typical signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Initial tests were consistent with ACTH-dependent CS: elevated urinary free cortisol, abnormal serum cortisol after low dose dexamethasone suppression test, and elevated midnight salivary cortisol, associated with high plasma ACTH levels. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a sellar mass of 1.2 x 0.8 x 0.8 cm of diameter with supra-sellar extension leading to slight chiasmatic impingement, and showing hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging, suggesting a cystic component. She had no visual impairment. After two months, while waiting for pituitary surgery, she presented spontaneous resolution of CS. Tests were consistent with remission of hypercortisolism: normal 24-h total urinary cortisol and normal midnight salivary cortisol. Pituitary MRI showed shrinkage of the tumor with disappearance of the chiasmatic compression. She has been free from the disease for 28 months (without hypercortisolism or hypopituitarism). The hormonal and imaging data suggested that silent apoplexy of pituitary tumor led to spontaneous remission of CS. However, recurrence of CS was described in cases following pituitary apoplexy. Therefore, careful long-term follow-up is required.


A doença de Cushing (DC) é usualmente causada por um microadenoma produtor de ACTH. Entretanto, 7%-20% dos pacientes apresentam um macroadenoma. O objetivo deste trabalho é reportar uma paciente de 36 anos, feminina, com diagnóstico de DC devido a macroadenoma hipofisário sólido-cístico com seguimento de 34 meses que apresentou remissão espontânea presumidamente em decorrência de uma apoplexia tumoral assintomática. Inicialmente, ela apresentava sinais e sintomas típicos da síndrome de Cushing (SC). Na admissão, os testes foram consistentes com o diagnóstico de SC ACTH-dependente: cortisol urinário livre de 24h elevado, não supressão do cortisol sérico após dose baixa de dexametasona e cortisol salivar noturno elevado, associado a concentrações elevadas do ACTH plasmático. Ressonância magnética (RM) de hipófise revelou uma massa selar de 1.2 x 0.8 x 0.8 cm com extensão suprasselar levando a uma discreta compressão do quiasma óptico e mostrando região de hipersinal na imagem ponderada em T2 sugerindo um componente cístico. A paciente não apresentava queixas visuais. Após dois meses, enquanto aguardava o tratamento cirúrgico, a paciente apresentou remissão espontânea da SC. A repetição dos exames indicou remissão do hipercortisolismo: normalização do cortisol urinário livre de 24h e normalização do cortisol salivar noturno. Nova RM de hipófise revelou redução do volume tumoral com desaparecimento da compressão quiasmática. A paciente permanece livre da doença por 28 meses (sem hipercortisolismo ou hipopituitarismo). Os dados hormonais e de imagem sugerem que tenha ocorrido uma apoplexia tumoral assintomática, levando à remissão espontânea da SC. Entretanto, como há relatos de recorrência após apoplexia hipofisária, cuidadoso seguimento a longo prazo faz-se necessário.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma/complications , Adenoma/complications , Cushing Syndrome/physiopathology , Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/etiology , Pituitary Apoplexy/pathology , Hydrocortisone/analysis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Remission, Spontaneous
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